Managing the wider coastal zone in terms of people and their economic livelihoods, social and cultural well being, safety from coastal hazards and minimising environmental and ecological impacts. The coastline needs to be managed to protect against increasing coastal erosion, flooding and sea-level changes. It is a dynamic strategy where decisions are re-evaluated if the environment or demands on the area change. To achieve this, the following are taken into consideration: This takes place before any coastal management takes place. The project used a three-stage approach to identify and address population changes that affect fishing in the area. These challenges are particularly acute for island countries, where coasts often comprise the entire territory.6 Such countries may also be threatened by rising sea levels, a possible consequence of climate change. Bjorn Kjerfve et al., CARICOMP: A Caribbean Network of Marine Laboratories, Parks, and Reserves for Coastal Monitoring and Scientific Collaboration (May 1998), accessed online at www.unesco.org/, Reef Relief, Map of Worlds Coral Reefs, accessed online at www.reefrelief.org/Coral%20Forest/map.html, on Aug. 19, 2003; and R. Costanza et al., The Value of the Worlds Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital,. Finally, people from local communities worked with PESCO-DEV to construct three-dimensional maps of their areas to highlight current land-use patterns and environmental resources. The structures are usually at the base of a cliff or on the beach. var D=new Date(),d=document,b='body',ce='createElement',ac='appendChild',st='style',ds='display',n='none',gi='getElementById',lp=d.location.protocol,wp=lp.indexOf('http')==0?lp:'https:'; Coastal regions, areas that are home to a large and growing proportion of the worlds population, are undergoing environmental decline. For a CBA, the expected benefits must outweigh the costs for a project to go ahead. Suite 520 Will you pass the quiz? Kenya, Liberia, the Philippines, and Puerto Rico, have lost over 70 percent of their mangroves.14. In contrast, extensive lawns do not provide as much visual interest, stability against erosion (their roots are relatively shallow), or value for wildlife. WebBenefits - Coastal Development Benefits Foreign exchange earnings from tourist bringing and spending currencies from their home countries. Tidal saline wetlands along the U.S. Gulf of Mexico coast, such as mangrove forests, salt marshes, and salt flats, face survival challenges as sea levels rise rapidly and development along coastlines continues to grow. And if you do protect them, you can even increase the value of the surrounding areas for instance, a study by researchers at North Carolina State University found that homes in urban areas that were within 1/2 a mile to a wildlife refuge were worth 7-9% more than homes away from these wilderness areas. Joan Castro et al., Integrating Population and Coastal Resource Management for Food Security The Philippines Model (2000), accessed online at www.path.org/philippines/phils_model.htm, on June 20, 2003. Planting dead trees in the sand to stabilise dunes. Smaller areas are not considered separately, unlike traditional methods. Mangrove roots keep soil in place, which dissipates wave energy and prevents erosion. They are usually constructed of concrete with steel reinforcement and have deep pile foundations. Population estimates for coastal watersheds could provide useful information for coastal managers, especially if the data describe population dynamics on a larger scale. In many countries, populations in coastal areas are growing faster than those in noncoastal areas. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a revetment? 8 - Beach grass to stabilise dunes at beaches. Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Protection (GESAMP), Jason Bremner and Jaime Perez, A Case Study of Human Migration and the Sea Cucumber Crisis in the Galapagos Islands,, John Tibbetts, Coastal Cities: Living on the Edge,. Recent estimates indicate that over 34,000 people take glass-bottomed boats to visit the reef every year.3Most reef boats stop to allow visitors to walk on the reef to observe fish, even though reef walks are illegal. Fig. Coastal management must be sustainable; any strategy adopted must not cause unnecessary damage to the environment, peoples homes and livelihood and should not cost too much. 4: Wooden revetment (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sturdy_revetments_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1119250.jpg) by Evelyn Simak (https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/14840) Licensed by CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en), Fig. They also interfere with longshore drift to such an extent that beaches further down the coast are starved of the sediment they need, leading to increased erosion. Failure to do so can have a severe economic and social impact, especially along coastlines used for tourism and industry. ;5Y)l[y7'^D;Mk/f`4 HFs\w`Y2!EmpRul/ Winners people who have gained from the decision which have been made either economically (property saved) or environmentally (habitats conserved), or socially (communities). The most serious concerns worldwide involve persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which can be transported in the atmosphere and have become common in the oceans. Monitor and Assess Human Impacts on the Marine Environment. The beach is made wider by using sand and shingle. Can create a strong backwash. Merely living near the coast and its natural habitats can be beneficial. Coastal development is defined as the human-induced change of the landscape within sight of the coastline. It was when the concept of the ICZM was born. Maintaining a healthy coastal habitat is critical because most of the worlds fish produce their young inshore and feed on organisms in coastal waters. Many of the worlds coasts are becoming increasingly urban. The United Nations High-Level Committee on Programmes decided in 2003 the establishment of an Oceans and Coastal Areas Network (subsequently named "UN-Oceans") to build on SOCA. Please limit your input to 500 characters. How many sediment cells and SMP's are there in the UK? It can lead to unsustainable coastal development as infrastructure is built on the shoreline to accommodate tourists. Landscaping your coastal property provides a range of benefits. 2. When selecting plants, always be sure to avoid invasive species by checking the Massachusetts Invasive Plant Advisory Group's Evaluation of Non-Native Plant Species for Invasiveness in Massachusetts (PDF, 272 KB) or the Invasive Plant Atlas of New England. Educating communities about the need to adapt and protect the coastline for future generations. Sign up to highlight and take notes. Along the coast, beaches and dunes are constantly moving with winds and waves, coastal banks are eroding, and large amounts of sand are shifted during big storms. From a physical geography perspective, the ICZM works with the concept of littoral cells. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Protect the coastal zone in a relatively natural state whilst allowing people to use it and develop it in different ways. In other areas, higher coastlines and ridges limit the relative area available for landward migration. Because there is no common definition of what constitutes a coastal region, estimates of coastal populations vary. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. They are similar to a sea wall but more sloping. They also provide food, building materials, shoreline protection, and many indirect benefits for people living near them. Population Reference Bureau Since the mid-1990s, this area was affected by coastal development and deforestation. The anticipated cost of the coastal management plan is compared to the expected benefits of a scheme. Many species are overharvested because the world fishing fleet is larger than it needs to be. Which hard engineering approach is the most problematic? In the study, which was conducted from 2012 - 2015, the authors considered the potential for landward movement of coastal wetlands under different sea-level rise scenarios. Fig. They can also act as flood barriers. I love the coast, and I especially love living along the coast. In the Rio+20 outcome document, Future We Want, Member States call for holistic and integrated approaches to sustainable development that will guide humanity to live in harmony with nature and lead to efforts to restore the health and integrity of the Earths ecosystem. A lock icon ( 1 - Sea wall on the Isle of Wight, UK. See the information below for details on how coastal landscaping can help control erosion, provide a buffer to pollution, create wildlife habitat and enhance natural beauty, and lower your maintenance needs. People who work to strike a balance between the desire to develop coastal areas with the need to preserve and conserve these same areas. Some of the benefits of soft stabilization approaches include: maintaining natural shoreline dynamics and healthy sand movement across a coastal cell; trapping sand to rebuild eroded shorelines or maintain current shoreline form; Coastal management is effective in that whichever method is chosen as a management approach protects homes and businesses from being damaged and even destroyed by coastal erosion or flooding. NOAA Office of Ocean Resources Conservation and Assessment (ORCA), ORCAs Coastal Assessment Framework, accessed online at http://spo.nos.noaa.gov/projects/caf/caf.html, on June 30, 2003. The Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform has been migrated here: https://sdgs.un.org/. 80!1xR&Y:E7L7V^*5T>aFJ-JPRVpO@wUMw rIVJ,b,c}BrY@u|Vb'Ay7IS.>U~l&#"'{-Odd-x^K 'pH:y Predatory Snails Overrunning Florida Oyster Reefs. Brian Voigt, Glossary of Coastal Terminology (March 1998), accessed online at www.csc.noaa.gov/text/glossary.html, on Aug. 15, 2003; Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Barriers also exist in leveed areas, concentrated in South Florida near the Everglades, in south Louisiana, and in eastern Texas. Create a more consistent water level that can be used for hydroelectricity. Nutrients from fertilizers, pet wastes, or septic systems can lead to nuisance plant or algae growth, while bacteria from the latter two sources can lead to closed shellfish beds and swimming areas. It absorbs the energy of waves and helps build up beaches. Soft engineering aims to work with and complement the physical environment by using natural coastal defence methods. Are not considered separately, unlike traditional methods base of a scheme larger it! Over 70 percent of their mangroves.14, building materials, shoreline protection, and many indirect benefits people! 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